To deduce new statements from the statements whose truth that we already know, Rules of Inference are used. What are Rules of Inference for? Mathematical logic is often used for logical proofs. Proofs are valid arguments that determine the truth values of mathematical statements. An argument is a sequence of statements. The last statement is the conclusion and all its preceding statements are called premises (or hypothesis). The symbol “ ∴ ∴ ”, (read therefore) is placed before the conclusion. A valid argument is one where the conclusion follows from the truth values of the premises. Rules of Inference provide the templates or guidelines for constructing valid arguments from the statements that we already have. Table of Rules of Inference Rule of Inference Name Rule of Inference Name P ∴ P ∨ Q P ∴ P ∨ Q Addition P ∨ Q ¬ P ∴ Q P ∨ Q ¬ P ∴ Q Disjunctive Syllogism P Q ∴ P ∧ Q P Q ∴ P ∧ Q Conjunction P → Q Q → R ∴ P → R P → Q Q → R ∴ P → R ...
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